Equilibrium-based COVID-19 diagnosis from routine blood tests: A sparse deep convolutional model

Abstract

SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19) is the virus that causes the pandemic that has severely impacted human society with a massive death toll worldwide. Hence, there is a persistent need for fast and reliable automatic tools to help health teams in making clinical decisions. Predictive models could potentially ease the strain on healthcare systems by early and reliable screening of COVID-19 patients which helps to combat the spread of the disease. Recent studies have reported some key advantages of employing routine blood tests for initial screening of COVID-19 patients. Thus, in this paper, we propose a novel COVID-19 prediction model based on routine blood tests. In this model, we depend on exploiting the real dependency among the employed feature pool by a sparsification procedure. In this sparse domain, a hybrid feature selection mechanism is proposed. This mechanism fuses the selected features from two perspectives, the first is Pearson correlation and the second is a new Minkowski-based equilibrium optimizer (MEO). Then, the selected features are fed into a new 1D Convolutional Neural Network (1DCNN) for a final diagnosis decision. The proposed prediction model is tested with a new public dataset from San Raphael Hospital, Milan, Italy, i.e., OSR dataset which has two sub-datasets. According to the experimental results, the proposed model outperforms the state-of-the-art techniques with an average testing accuracy of 98.5% while we employ only less than half the size of the feature pool, i.e., we need only less than half the given blood tests in the employed dataset to get a final diagnosis decision.