Equations of State of Matter at Extreme Conditions

Abstract

This chapter discusses the Equations of State (EOS) of Matter at Extreme Conditions. EOS of matter is an important part of numerical modeling of processes at high energy densities. It describes the problems of theoretical description of material properties in a wide range of the phase diagram, semi-empirical EOS of metals, and their use in gas dynamic calculations. Numerical modeling is the only tool for investigating phenomena which cannot be carried out in laboratory conditions. The dramatic progress in the computer technology during the past 20 years has resulted in the development of high-performance computers as well as efficient numerical schemes. The EOS governing the system of gas dynamic equations significantly defines the accuracy and reliability of the results of numerical modeling. The reliability and accuracy of advanced computer simulation is generally defined by corresponding physical models. The EOS plays a very significant role in the modern physics of high energy densities.