Abstract

Nodes in a wireless sensor network (WSN) are known to be limited in power, storage, and processing capabilities. Thus, there has been an interest in gradient-based routing as it provides a lightweight method depending only on local information. Alternatively, multipath routing schemes are considered for WSNs to provide reliable communication. In this paper, a routing protocol that combines multipath and gradient notions is proposed. The proposed protocol is designed to have equal-length shortest paths and to work with one or more base stations. Extensive simulation is used to characterize and to evaluate the proposed protocol considering the transmission range of nodes, required number of node-disjoint paths, and the number of data sinks and their locations. It is also shown how such parameters affect power consumption and network lifetime. Finally, results illustrate the feasibility of the proposed protocol, common patterns of network behavior, and enhancements of lifetime and power consumption.

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