Abstract
AlCl4− ions are considered the intercalated species, reversibly intercalated/deintercalated between graphite layers, when graphite is used as an active material for Al batteries; however, the reaction mechanism of intercalated species in Al batteries has not yet been fully understood. In order to understand the process, we quantitatively evaluated the charge/discharge reactions of graphite in an ionic liquid consisting of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and AlCl3 by electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance and density functional theory calculations. The presence of AlCl4− and Al2Cl7− as the intercalated species in the graphite interlayer was confirmed at a ratio of 0.76:0.24. Additionally, the capacity was retained after the destruction of the graphite structure because of its pseudocapacitive behavior.
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