Abstract
Simple SummaryEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is known to contribute in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) carcinogenesis. The oncogenic roles of the EBV proteins and non-coding RNAs in NPC are becoming evident with the aid of current advances in genome-wide and in-depth molecular analyses. This current work provides a comprehensive overview, which covers recent understandings of the pathogenic role of EBV infection in NPC. Perspectives on molecular mechanisms, which are involved in the pathogenesis of NPC, focusing on the connection between EBV and NPC cells and the corresponding signaling pathways are highlighted. Cancer hallmarks associated with EBV in NPC development are also discussed herein.Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the most common tumors occurring in China and Southeast Asia. Etiology of NPC seems to be complex and involves many determinants, one of which is Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. Although evidence demonstrates that EBV infection plays a key role in NPC carcinogenesis, the exact relationship between EBV and dysregulation of signaling pathways in NPC needs to be clarified. This review focuses on the interplay between EBV and NPC cells and the corresponding signaling pathways, which are modulated by EBV oncoproteins and non-coding RNAs. These altered signaling pathways could be critical for the initiation and progression of NPC.
Highlights
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant cancer, which is located behind the nose at the very upper part of the throat
latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) enhances phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) [128], which is crucial in cell proliferation and differentiation associated with mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK)
Overexpression of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) miR-BART1 reduces the expression of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1 (SAT1), arginosuccinate synthetase gene (ASS1), and other metabolic genes [161]
Summary
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant cancer, which is located behind the nose at the very upper part of the throat. EBV genome maintenance and been leading to the acquisition of cancerous phenotypes dysregulation of signaling pathways in NPC has extensively studied [4,5]. Members of such [3]. The dysregulation of signaling pathways in NPC has been extensively studied [4,5]. Members of such pathways can be useful for the early detection, prognosis, and targeted therapy. RNAs on altering pathways in on the role of EBV oncoproteins and non-coding RNAs on altering signaling pathways in NPC cells
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