Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex systemic autoimmune disease. Infections or infectious reactivation are potential triggers for initiation of autoimmunity and for SLE flares. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is gamma herpes virus that has been associated with several autoimmune diseases such as SLE, multiple sclerosis, Sjogren’s syndrome, and systemic sclerosis. In this review, we will discuss the recent advances regarding how EBV may contribute to immune dysregulation, and how these mechanisms may relate to SLE disease progression.
Highlights
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multifaceted systemic autoimmune disease [1] stemming from immune dysregulation
In this review we provide a compilation of the current understanding of how Epstein Barr virus (EBV) may contribute to immune dysregulation, including strategies used by EBV to combat immune surveillance, and how these processes may relate to SLE pathogenesis (Figure 1)
We recently showed that in contrast to human IL-10 (hIL-10), vIL-10 can induce a pro-inflammatory phenotype in monocytes. vIL-10 induced a unique gene expression profile in monocytes, and monocytes exposed to vIL-10 showed defective clearance of apoptotic cells. vIL-10 signals through the same receptor subunit as hIL-10, can act as a competitive inhibitor of hIL-10, and inhibit suppressors of immune response induced by hIL-10. vIL-10 levels were significantly higher in SLE patients plasma compared to matched controls [39]
Summary
Specialty section: This article was submitted to Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Disorders, a section of the journal Frontiers in Immunology. Barr Virus and Autoimmune Responses in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex systemic autoimmune disease. Infections or infectious reactivation are potential triggers for initiation of autoimmunity and for SLE flares. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is gamma herpes virus that has been associated with several autoimmune diseases such as SLE, multiple sclerosis, Sjogren’s syndrome, and systemic sclerosis. We will discuss the recent advances regarding how EBV may contribute to immune dysregulation, and how these mechanisms may relate to SLE disease progression
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