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Abstract
A comprehensive review of the fundamentals and applications of epsilon-negative materials is presented in this paper. Percolative composites, as well as homogeneous ceramics or polymers, have been investigated to obtain the tailorable epsilon-negative properties. It's confirmed the anomalous epsilon-negative property can be realized in conventional materials. Meanwhile, from the perspective of materials science, the relationship between the negative permittivity and the composition and microstructure of materials has been clarified. It's demonstrated that the epsilon-negative performance is attributed to the plasmonic response of delocalized electrons within the materials and can be modulated by it. Moreover, the potential applications of epsilon-negative materials in electromagnetic interference shielding, laminated composites for multilayered capacitance, coil-less electric inductors, and epsilon-near-zero metamaterials are reviewed. The development of epsilon-negative materials has enriched the connotation of metamaterials and advanced functional materials, and has accelerated the integration of metamaterials and natural materials.
Highlights
Permittivity and permeability are two basic physical parameters of materials, which characterize the response of materials in electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields [1,2,3]
Except for the negative permittivity accompanied with dielectric resonance, appearance of the plasma-like negative permittivity behavior in Ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) and Polymer matrix composites (PMCs) is closely related to the formedconductive networks in the insulating matrix
For the composites with conductor fillers content close to percolation threshold, resonance response of isolated particles and plasmonic state induced in the connected networks can be realized simultaneously, resulting in the complicated permittivity spectra, that can be explained by combining the Drude model and Lorentz model [106,107]
Summary
Permittivity and permeability are two basic physical parameters of materials, which characterize the response of materials in electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields [1,2,3]. For materials with double negative parameters, like metamaterials, electromagnetic waves can propagate within them but the relationships among E, B, and k are left-handed. From the perspective of materials science, the physical properties of a material must depend on its composition and microstructure, which explains the structure-activity. The research methods, preparation processes, mechanism of negative permittivity, as well as the potential applications for of ENMs were outlined from the perspective of materials science
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