Abstract
Abstract This chapter deals with one of the newest techniques on the horizon, i.e. 'epigenome editing' (epigenetics = heritable alterations in chromatin architecture that do not involve changes in the underlying DNA sequence but greatly affect gene expression and impact cellular function). Epigenome editing will enable future crops to cope with adverse environmental conditions. Desired gene expression will be achieved through precise epigenome editing of their regulatory elements. The successful applications of epigenome editing technology depend on various critical parameters like specificity, effectivity and sustainability of epigenome editing in experimental settings. The chapter suggests that while epigenome editing in crop improvement has yielded encouraging results, only the future will tell if it fulfils its great promise in basic research and crop improvement. The CRISPR/Cas9 system has also been indicated as the technique of choice for epigenome editing.
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