Abstract

The presence of an N1 methyl group on adenine bases in DNA and RNA was thought to be a form of damage. Results now show that it also occurs at specific sites in messenger RNAs, where it affects protein expression. See Article p.441 The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of RNA has been subject to intensive examination since it was recognized to be widespread throughout the transcriptome. In a new study by Chuan He and colleagues, the significance of a different messenger RNA modification, N1-methyladenosine (m1A), is probed on the transcriptome-wide level. Although the modification is dynamic, they find it accumulates in structured regions surrounding both canonical and alternative translation initiation sites, and its presence correlates with higher protein expression.

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