Abstract
Methods In this study, qRT-PCR was used to investigate the expression levels of the SOX15 gene and of miR-182, miR-183, miR-375, and miR-96 in thyroid tumors and adjacent noncancerous tissues. We also investigated the methylation status of the SOX15 promoter by methylation-specific PCR in tumors and adjacent noncancerous tissues. Results We observed a statistically significant downregulation of SOX15 expression in tumors compared to noncancerous tissue samples. The methylation levels of tumors and matched noncancerous tissues were similar, but miR-182, miR-183, and miR-375 expression levels were elevated in tumor tissues compared to noncancerous tissue samples. Conclusions Our results indicate that SOX15 gene expression is associated with the pathogenesis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and the epigenetic control of the SOX15 gene is regulated by miRNAs rather than by promoter methylation.
Highlights
Thyroid cancer (TC) is a rare type of cancer and occurs as a consequence of environmental and genetic factors [1]
The expression level of the SRY-box transcription factor 15 (SOX15) gene was analyzed in 49 pairs of thyroid tumors and adjacent noncancerous tissues
SOX15 gene expression was significantly downregulated in 64.6% (34/49) of TC tissues compared to their normal counterparts (Figure 1)
Summary
Thyroid cancer (TC) is a rare type of cancer and occurs as a consequence of environmental and genetic factors [1]. Gene expression is primarily controlled by the specific binding of transcription factors to their target DNA sequences. There is only one study in the literature investigating the SOX15 gene in association with promoter methylation and copy number alterations [15]. Recent reports have indicated that deregulation of miRNAs is associated with the development and progression of various cancers including thyroid carcinoma [21, 22]. A recent pseudogene-gene (PGG) functional association analysis indicated that miR375 may regulate SOX15 expression in different cancer types [25]. To understand the epigenetic regulation of SOX15, we focused to investigate SOX15 expression in association with promoter methylation and expression of four different miRNAs in thyroid carcinoma
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