Epidural versus Subpleural Analgesia for Pulmonary Resections: A Comparison of Morbidities

Abstract

There are several methods to mitigate the pain that results from thoracic surgery. All of them may be associated with complications. We analyzed the morbidities associated with epidural and subpleural catheter analgesia in patients undergoing pulmonary resections for lung cancer. We conducted a retrospective review of our prospective lung cancer outcomes database for all patients undergoing lobectomy for lung cancer through a thoracotomy or thoracoscopy. All patients had either an epidural or subpleural catheter placed for pain control. One hundred twenty-nine patients met the inclusion criteria. Patients were stratified based on age and pain management technique and the 30-day outcomes were examined. Ninety-three patients had epidural catheters placed and 36 received subpleural catheters. Baseline demographics were similar except for two variables; the subpleural catheter group had a larger proportion of thoracoscopic surgery and more pack-years smoked. Patients in the epidural group were more likely to experience postoperative pruritus and had longer intensive care unit stays but were less likely to use a patient-controlled anesthesia pump. Patients in the subpleural group were more likely to develop intestinal complications. When a subset analysis was done by age (younger than 70 vs 70 years or older), there were no significant differences in postoperative outcomes in the older group. The younger cohort had more pruritus and longer intensive care unit stays in the epidural group. The differences between subpleural and epidural catheters are minimal across all ages and nonexistent for geriatric patients. Thus, the choice of pain management should be determined by individual patient characteristics and risk factors rather than based on age alone.