Epidemiology of Sexually Transmitted Infections among Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive United States Military Personnel.

Jeff S Tzeng,Eric C Garges,Leslie L Clark,Jean Lin Otto

doi:10.1155/2013/610258

Abstract

Background. Minimal data exist that describe the epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections (STI) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive populations across the pre- and post-diagnosis periods for HIV. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to identify and describe the epidemiology of gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis, herpes simplex virus, and human papillomavirus in an HIV-positive population. Methods. All 1,961 HIV seropositive United States active duty military personnel from 2000–2010 were identified. STI diagnoses relative to HIV diagnosis from 1995, which was the earliest electronic medical record available, to 2010 were examined. Results. The incidence diagnosis rates of STI generally increased during the period leading up to eventual HIV diagnosis. The rates of STI during the post-HIV diagnosis period fluctuated, but remained elevated compared to pre-HIV diagnosis period. Approximately 45%–69% with an STI in the HIV seropositive military population were diagnosed with their first STI greater than one year after their HIV diagnosis. Of those who were diagnosed with an STI in the post-HIV diagnosis period, 70.6% had one STI diagnosis, 23.5% had two STI diagnoses, and 5.8% had three or more STI diagnoses. Conclusions. Despite aggressive counseling, high-risk sexual behavior continues to occur in the HIV-positive military population.

Highlights

In the United States (US), an estimated 56,300 new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections were diagnosed in2006, with an incidence rate of 22.8 infections per 100,000 people [1]
We identified a total of 1,961 HIV1 positive active duty military personnel during the period from 2000 to 2010 (Table 1)
herpes simplex virus (HSV) represented the smallest number of incident cases and unique individuals with 58 (548.6 cases per 100,000 pre-HIV person-years), while human papillomavirus (HPV) represented the largest number with 158 incident cases and unique individuals (1,494.5 cases per 100,000 preHIV person-years)

Summary

Introduction

In the United States (US), an estimated 56,300 new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections were diagnosed in2006, with an incidence rate of 22.8 infections per 100,000 people [1]. In the United States (US), an estimated 56,300 new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections were diagnosed in. Increased unsafe behavioral risk factors have been noted in some HIV-positive populations, with approximately 32–39% of HIV-positive people engaging in unprotected intercourse [7]. This increases the risk of transmitting HIV to an HIV-negative sexual partner, and places the HIV-positive partner at risk of acquiring an STI. Minimal data exist that describe the epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections (STI) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive populations across the pre- and post-diagnosis periods for HIV. The incidence diagnosis rates of STI generally increased during the period leading up to eventual HIV diagnosis

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion