Abstract
1. (1) Fasting serum cholesterol, phospholipid and triglyceride concentrations, lipoprotein (by paper electrophoresis) and triglyceride fatty acid patterns (TGFA) have been measured in 9 groups of widely differing male adults in southern Africa, ranging from middle-aged white office workers to Bushmen in northern Botswana. 2. (2) Mean serum cholesterols ranged from 130 to 247 mg/100 ml in the different groups and triglycerides from 85 to 155 mg/100 ml. Some interesting dissociations between the concentrations of the two lipids were found. Regular exercise — at work or in leisure time — seemed to be associated with low serum triglycerides. 3. (3) Serum phospholipid concentrations followed serum cholesterols and the presence of visible pre-β lipoprotein bands increased with serum triglycerides. Neither of these additional lipid measurements seem of much value in population surveys. 4. (4) The TGFA patterns appeared to reflect dietary fatty acids. Some unusual long-chain unsaturated fatty acids were found in the Bushmen and rural Bantu sera. The percentage of linoleic acid was correlated with serum cholesterol and with serum triglyceride.
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