Epidemiology of poisoning in Bamako, Mali

Tidiane Diallo,Abdelmajid Soulaymani,Ababacar Maïga,Abdourahamane Diara,Hinde Hami,Cheick Abou Coulibaly,Alpha Traoré,S Bourekkadi,H Hami,K Slimani,A Mokhtari,A Soulaymani

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202131902020

Abstract

Introduction: In Mali, poisoning is a public health problem through its multiple circumstances. Its management is a pre-hospital concern given the lack of qualified personnel, adequate medical equipment and lack of knowledge of the substances involved in poisoning. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological profile of poisoning in Bamako. Methods: The study was conducted in six Reference Health Centers in the District of Bamako. This was a retrospective study of poisoning cases covering the period from January 2010 to December 2019. The data used was collected from registers and patient medical records. Results: During the study period, we collected 2,112 cases of poisoning. The sex-ratio (M/F) was 1.5 in favour of males. More than two-thirds of cases (66.7%) were due to foodborne diseases, followed by drug poisoning, with 18.7% of cases. The majority of patients were pupils and students (69.7%) and 5.5% were housewives. The circumstances were most often accidental, with 82% of cases. In addition, the clinical signs were dominated by gastrointestinal disorders: diarrhea (40%), vomiting (40%) and respiratory distress (9.4%). Conclusion: Reducing the risk of poisoning and improving their management requires education of the population and professional training of health workers.

Highlights

In Mali, poisoning is a public health problem through its multiple circumstances
The clinical signs were dominated by gastrointestinal disorders: diarrhea (40%), vomiting (40%) and respiratory distress (9.4%)
All poisoning cases admitted to the pediatric, general medicine and emergency departments of Health Reference Centers (HRC) and recorded in the medical records and the consultation registers over a 12-month period from December 2019 to March 2020 were concerned by this study

Summary

Introduction

In Mali, poisoning is a public health problem through its multiple circumstances. Its management is a pre-hospital concern given the lack of qualified personnel, adequate medical equipment and lack of knowledge of the substances involved in poisoning.The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological profile of poisoning in Bamako. In Mali, poisoning is a public health problem through its multiple circumstances. Its management is a pre-hospital concern given the lack of qualified personnel, adequate medical equipment and lack of knowledge of the substances involved in poisoning. In 2004, According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 346,000 people, 91% of them in low- and middle-income countries, died from accidental poisoning worldwide [1]. Mortality from acute poisoning is fairly low, less than. Between 150 and 200,000 intentional poisoning cases are hospitalized in France each year, of which nearly 90% are caused by drugs [3]. In 2006, the Poison Control Centers in France identified 197,042 cases of human exposure to toxic substances. At the Québec Poison Control Centre between 1989 and 2007, the annual number of calls for poisoning was on average 46,946 calls [4]

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion