Epidemiology of Non-communicable Disease Risk Factors Among Adults Residing in Gilgel Gibe Field Research Centre, Jimma, South West Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: Burden of Chronic non-communicable diseases are increasing rapidly in developing countries and different Risk factors are contributing to the high burden of Non-communicable diseases in developing countries. Tobacco is most common risk factor and responsible for about 4.9 million deaths each year. Alcohol consumption is the leading risk factor for mortality in developing countries. Physical inactivity is also leading causes of non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and about 1.9 million deaths are attributed to physical inactivity Worldwide. Hypertension is a growing public health problem. Worldwide, an estimated 1 billion individuals have Hypertension, and approximately 7.1 million deaths per year are attributed to hypertension. This study tried to determine the prevalence of the selected non-communicable disease risk factors among adults at Gilgel Gibe field Research centre of Jimma University, Southwest Ethiopia. Method: - Data were extracted from a population-based survey of chronic Non-communicable Diseases at Gilgel Gibe Field Research Center, southwest Ethiopia which was conducted from September 2008 to January 2009. A data of 4273 individuals were included in the analysis. The Interview was used to collect data on sociodemographic and selected behavioural variables. Blood pressure was taken three times for each individual and the average was taken to classify the individuals to hypertensive or not. Data were analysed using SPSS for windows version 15. Descriptive and analytical analysis was conducted. Statistical significance was declared at p < 0.05 at 95% of CI. The Results: - The prevalence rate of hypertension based on blood pressure measurement was 82 (3.2%). The prevalence of alcohol consumption, low-level physical activity & smoking was 7.0%, 9.0% and 9.4 % respectively. Conclusion: - The prevalence of NCD Risk factors among the study subjects was high. These findings are crucial for evidence based decision making. This finding will also give baseline information for researchers and other stakeholders to conduct further studies.