Abstract
The epidemiology of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (HL) varies with age at clinical onset. In developing countries, the disorder appears predominantly during childhood and its incidence decreases with age, while in industrialized countries, the incidence rate increase with age. There has long been a view that the differences in descriptive epidemiology of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma around the world, and also between children, young adults and older adults may reflect differences in etiology between them. Hodgkin’s Lymphoma has long been suspected to have an infectious precursor, and indirect evidence has implicated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), as a causal agent. The etiology of EBV-negative cases remains obscure. Epidemiological investigation of the etiology of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma is making steady progress, and it leads to a better understanding and hence prevention. This review considers in detail the descriptive and the etiological epidemiology of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma.
Highlights
Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a malignant disease of the lymphoid tissue which originates from B lymphocyte and less common T lymphocyte
A higher incidence occurs in western countries and in westernized populations including those who emigrate from low incidence sites to the United States, but HL is less common in Asian countries, especially in the young adult [4]
In one study in Iran we showed that HL was about 8% of total lymphoid malignancies and the most common subtype was mixed cellularity (50%) with mean age
Summary
Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a malignant disease of the lymphoid tissue which originates from B lymphocyte and less common T lymphocyte. There are marked geographic variations in Hodgkin’s lymphoma incidence, but they are different for various age groups. There is an interesting association between Hodgkin’s lymphoma and markers of social class [3]. A higher incidence occurs in western countries and in westernized populations including those who emigrate from low incidence sites to the United States, but HL is less common in Asian countries, especially in the young adult [4]. Key issues which are highlighted in the descriptive and the etiological epidemiology of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma include the evidence suggesting that HL is a complex of related conditions that are part mediated by infectious diseases, immune deficits and genetic susceptibilities. ; the comparison of HL rates in eastern and western countries could reveal the relative importance of environmental factors and genetic to disease etiology
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