Epidemiology of Hidradenitis Suppurativa: Prevalence, Pathogenesis, and Factors Associated with the Development of HS

Abstract

Hidradenitis suppurativa is a common skin disease with an estimated prevalence of approximately 1 %. The disease is characterized by painful nodules localized mainly in the inverse body areas, such as the axillae and groin. The pathogenesis of HS is still not fully understood, but infundibular hyperkeratosis, causing follicular occlusion, is thought to be the primary event followed by rupture with an inflammatory response. Multiple factors are associated with HS, especially smoking and obesity. More recently, the genetic background and an aberrant innate immune response have gained more attention as predisposing factors. In this review, we discuss the prevalence, pathogenesis, and relevant factors influencing the development of HS.