Abstract
Malignancies of the female reproductive tract are estimated to be the third most common group of cancers in women. We here aimed to present their epidemiological features in Golestan province located in Northeast of Iran. Data on primary female reproductive cancers diagnosed between 2004-2010 were obtained from Golestan Population-based Cancer Registry (GPCR). CanReg-4 and SPSS software were used for data entry and analysis. Age standardized incidence rates (ASR) (per 100,000 person-years) were calculated using the world standard population. Poisson regression analysis was used to compare incidence rates. P-values of less than 0.05 were considered as significant. A total of 6,064 cancer cases were registered in Golestan females in the GPCR during 2004-2010, of which 652 cases (11%) were female reproductive cancers. Cancers of the ovary (ASR=6.03) and cervix (ASR=4.97) were the most common. We found significant higher rates in females living in cities than in villages. Our results showed a rapid increase in age specific incidence rates of female reproductive cancers at the age of 30 years. We found significant higher rates of female reproductive cancers among residents of cities than villages. Differences in the prevalence of risk factors including reproductive behavior between the two populations may partly explain such diversity. Our results also showed a rapid increase in incidence rates of these cancers in young age females. Further studies are warranted to determine risk factors of female reproductive cancers in our population.
Highlights
Cancer is a major public health problem in Iran and many other parts of the world
Information about cancer related deaths was obtained from the death registry at the health department of Golestan University of medical sciences (GOUMS) and was matched with the file of registered cancer patients to identify additional unreported cases, which were classified as death certificate only cases (DCO)
A total number of 6064 cancer cases were registered in Golestan females in the Golestan Population-based Cancer Registry (GPCR) during 2004-2010, of which, 652 cases (11%) were female reproductive cancers
Summary
Cancer is a major public health problem in Iran and many other parts of the world. About 14 million new cases of cancer and 8.2 million cancer deaths were occurred all over the world (Ferlay et al, 2013). Cancer of the uterus is primarily a cancer of the developed world with higher incidence rates than those of the less developed countries (Sasco, 2001; Ferlay et al., 2013; Binesh et al 2014). Cervical cancer is the most common malignant disease afflicting women in many developing countries (Jemal et al, 2011; Parkin et al, 2001) It is the most common cause of cancer deaths in the South-East Asia Region as well as the African Region. Our results showed a rapid increase in age specific incidence rates of female reproductive cancers at the age of 30 years. Conclusions: We found significant higher rates of female reproductive cancers among residents of cities than villages. Further studies are warranted to determine risk factors of female reproductive cancers in our population
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