Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer in Algeria

Abstract

Every year, nearly one and a half million new cases of colorectal cancer are diagnosed worldwide. North America and Europe have the highest incidence rates. Algeria has average incidence rates lower than the average incidence in Europe but the highest in Africa, the increase in the annual percentage of colorectal cancer is estimated by Algerian epidemiological experts at +7% . In Algeria, colorectal cancer is the 2nd most common cancer after breast cancer. The standardized annual incidence rates are 23 per 100,000 in men and 16 per 100,000 in women. Around 2,984 people with colorectal cancer died in 2018 according to Globocan 's estimate of the same year. In both sexes, the incidence has increased every year for a decade, while in France and in Europe in general, the incidence has been decreasing and mortality has been decreasing since registry statistics existed, and more markedly in both sexes. According to the most recent estimates, net survival five years after diagnosis of colorectal cancer is 60% in France. The vast majority of studies consider that a diet rich in red meat, high in calories, high in fat and low in fiber is linked to an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Conversely, a diet combining sustained consumption of fruits and vegetables, fish, white meat and whole grains is associated with a reduction in risk. Body mass index is positively correlated with colorectal cancer risk. Studies show a protective effect of physical activity, with a risk reduction of 40 to 50% with a dose-response effect.