Abstract
BackgroundDrug-resistant TB has emerged as a major challenge facing TB prevention and control efforts. In Ethiopia, the extent/trend of drug resistance TB is not well known. The aim of this study was to determine the pattern and trend of resistance to first line anti-TB drugs among culture positive retreatment cases at St.Peter’s TB Specialized Hospital.FindingsA hospital based retrospective study was used to assess the pattern of anti-TB drug resistance among previously treated TB patients referred to St.Peter’s TB Specialized Hospital from January 2004-December 2008 Gregorian calendar(GC) for better diagnosis and treatment.Among 376 culture positive for M. tuberculosis one hundred and two (27.1%) were susceptible to all of the four first line anti-TB drugs -Isoniazid (INH), Rifampicin (RIF), Ethambutol (ETB) & Streptomycin (STM). While 274 (72.9%) were resistant to at least one drug. Any resistance to STM (67.3%) was found to be the most common and the prevalence of MDR-TB was 174 (46.3%). Trend in resistance rate among re-treatment cases from 2004 to 2008 showed a significant increase for any drug as well as for INH, RIF, and MDR resistance (P <0.05 for trend).ConclusionsThere has been an increasing trend in drug resistance in recent years, particularly in retreatment cases. Therefore, establishing advanced diagnostic facilities for early detection of MDR-TB and expanding second line treatment center to treat MDR-TB patients and to prevent its transmission is recommended.
Highlights
Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease impacting public health problem worldwide that disproportionately affects peoples in resource-poor settings, those in Asia and Africa
We evaluated temporal trends in resistance to each drug alone or in combination with other drugs, as well as trends in multidrug resistance
In the present study, 102 (27.1%) of the cases were susceptible to all of the four first line anti-TB drugs and 274 (72.9%) were resistant to at least one or more antiTB drugs indicating higher prevalence of drug resistant TB for first line anti-TB drugs than studies conducted in Ethiopia with overall resistance to any anti-TB drugs ranges from 14% -27% [12,13,14,15,16]
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease impacting public health problem worldwide that disproportionately affects peoples in resource-poor settings, those in Asia and Africa. According to the 2011 WHO global TB report, Ethiopia ranks 7th in the list of the world’s 22 high burden countries for TB with estimated incidence rate to be 261/100,000, mortality rate 35/100,000 and the prevalence of all forms TB is estimated to be 394/100,000 [2]. According to WHO Global TB report, Ethiopia is ranked as 15th among 27 high burden M(X) DR-TB countries. The present study was to determine the pattern and trend of resistance to first line anti-TB drugs among culture positive retreatment cases at St. Peter’s TB Specialized Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to determine the pattern and trend of resistance to first line anti-TB drugs among culture positive retreatment cases at St.Peter’s TB Specialized Hospital
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