Abstract
Summary: The epidemiology of African swine fever virus infection in Africa is reviewed. The virus is maintained by a cycle of infection between ticks of the Ornithodoros moubata complex and newborn wart-hogs, and by trans-stadial , trans-ovarian and horizontal transmission in the tick population. The mechanisms of virus spread from ticks and wart-hogs to domestic pigs are discussed. The establishment of African swine fever as an endemic infection in southern Europe was associated with a decrease in virus virulence. The resultant lower mortality and virus persistence in recovered pigs can lead to further spread of the disease following virus reactivation when the animals are subjected to stress.
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