Abstract
Mongolia is located between Russia and China. The total population of Mongolia as of December 2017 is estimated to be 3.2 million people. According to our previous study results, the prevalence of HBV was 11.8%, and anti-HDV was detected in 4.8% among the HBsAg-positive subjects. Interestingly, most HCV infection is caused by genotype 1b. Among all HBV DNA-positive samples, 98.5% were classified into genotype D, and regarding HDV genotypes, all HDV RNA-positive samples, 100%, were classified into genotype I.The second study is the baseline survey of a Nationwide Cancer Cohort Study. Prevalence of HBsAg was 10.6%. Additionally, HCV infection was observed in 9.9%, and 0.8% were coinfected with HBV and HCV among the general population aged from 10 to 64 years.The third study investigated the population-based prevalence of hepatitis B and C virus in apparently healthy population of Ulaanbaatar city, Mongolia. The anti-HCV prevalence was 9.0%. In addition, the prevalence of HBV was 8.0%.The fourth study is on the prevalence of HCV and coinfections among nurses in a tertiary hospital in Mongolia. The prevalence of HCV was 18.9%. Additionally, HBV infection was observed in 23.1%, and 1.2% were coinfected with HCV and HBV.Mongolia has the highest HCC incidence in the world (78.1/100,000, 3.5* higher than China).As a result, the Mongolia government has launched The National Viral Hepatitis Program, which is a comprehensive program that involves all aspects from prevention to care and disease control to meet a reduction goal for morbidity and mortality due to HBV, HCV, and HDV. Consequently, access to antiviral therapies is now improving in Mongolia.How to cite this article: Baatarkhuu O, Gerelchimeg T, Munkh-Orshikh D, Batsukh B, Sarangua G, Amarsanaa J. Epidemiology, Genotype Distribution, Prognosis, Control, and Management of Viral Hepatitis B, C, D, and Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Mongolia. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2018;8(1):57-62.
Highlights
In 2017, during the European Association for the Study of the Liver congress, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported on the updated global prevalence of HCV and HBV infections
In 2015, 71 million persons worldwide were living with HCV infection
Most HCV infection is caused by genotype 1b
Summary
In 2017, during the European Association for the Study of the Liver congress, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported on the updated global prevalence of HCV and HBV infections. Mongolia has the highest prevalence of HBV, HCV, and HDV infection. Between 2015 and 2016, studies conducted by Dr Dashmaa Tungalag, Oidov Baatarkhuu, and Dr Jazag Amarsanaa showed that the prevalence of anti-HCV decreased from 13.7 to 9.0% and HBV decreased from 9.3 to 8.0% in apparently healthy populations in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. The Strategy for Early Detection of Liver Cancer issued in May 2014 (commenced in 2015) recommends screening people 40 to 65 years of age for HBV and HCV with rapid tests. 92 to 95% of HCC patients in Mongolia are related with HBV and HCV infections occurring in 115 cases per 100,000 people per year. Mongolia has a large burden of viral hepatitis, especially chronic HBV and HCV infections, which are associated with cancer and cirrhosis. The HCV and HDV transmission appears to have decreased substantially over the past 20 years as infection control systems have improved
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