Abstract
BackgroundThe epidemiology and outcomes of COVID-19 patients in Thailand are scarce.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included adult hospitalized patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 at Siriraj Hospital during February 2020 to April 2020.ResultsThe prevalence of COVID-19 was 7.5% (107 COVID-19 patients) among 1409 patients who underwent RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 detection at our hospital during the outbreak period. Patients with COVID-19 presented with symptoms in 94.4%. Among the 104 patients who were treated with antiviral medications, 78 (75%) received 2-drug regimen (lopinavir/ritonavir or darunavir/ritonavir plus chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine), and 26 (25%) received a 3-drug regimen with favipiravir added to the 2-drug regimen. Disease progression was observed in 18 patients (16.8%). All patients with COVID-19 were discharged alive.ConclusionsThe prevalence of COVID-19 was 7.5% among patients who underwent RT-PCR testing, and 10% among those having risk factors for COVID-19 acquisition. Combination antiviral therapies for COVID-19 patients were well-tolerated and produced a favorable outcome.
Highlights
The epidemiology and outcomes of COVID-19 patients in Thailand are scarce
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is an acute viral respiratory infection that is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SAR-CoV-2), has been rapidly spreading across the world since the first patient was identified in December 2019, and it has
A combination regimen of two or three antiviral medications, including protease inhibitors, 4-aminoquinoline agents, and favipiravir was selected according to disease severity and the presence of risk factors for disease progression
Summary
The epidemiology and outcomes of COVID-19 patients in Thailand are scarce. Given the recent emergence of COVID-19 and the fact that established treatment guidelines have not yet been determined, many different antiviral agents (chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir/ritonavir, remdesivir, and favipiravir) have been recommended in several international guidelines for clinical trial purposes [3,4,5]. In Thailand, antiviral treatment is recommended for all symptomatic COVID-19 patients. A combination regimen of two or three antiviral medications, including protease inhibitors (lopinavir/ritonavir or darunavir/ritonavir), 4-aminoquinoline agents (chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine), and favipiravir was selected according to disease severity and the presence of risk factors for disease progression. There are few published studies about the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 in Thailand, and most of those publications are case series or case reports [6,7,8,9]
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