Abstract
The epidemiology aims to describe and explain the dynamics of population health, identify the elements that compose it and understand the forces that govern it, in addition to promoting health, preventing and controlling diseases through the knowledge of their causes, in order to intervene in the course of their natural development to modify them.
Highlights
A l start of the Tercer millennium l epidemiology has been subject to various interpretations as to the scope of its subject, functions, who the running and rightful role as the basic science of Public Health
The health problems of human populations have evolved over time; Currently, any situation that affects or that can affect the health of the populations is conceived as a health problem
The history of hygiene and epidemiology has developed in the context of the struggle between materialism and idealism, in their conceptions of the causes, factors and conditions involved in the health-disease process, both from the point of individual view as social [8]
Summary
A l start of the Tercer millennium l epidemiology has been subject to various interpretations as to the scope of its subject, functions, who the running and rightful role as the basic science of Public Health. The history of hygiene and epidemiology has developed in the context of the struggle between materialism and idealism, in their conceptions of the causes, factors and conditions involved in the health-disease process, both from the point of individual view as social [8]. The development of hygiene and epidemiology has been related, to the advancement of medicine in all its aspects Both sciences can be considered as very old practices and, at the same time, as relatively young sciences. The concept of causality, in epidemiology, has historically been related to the predominant philosophical thinking in each era, the advances made by science in general and health sciences in particular, and with the problems that have affected and predominated in each era in the health of human populations [5,6,7,8,9,10]. Proposals for the study of causality during the last century were based primarily on the epidemiological models of single causes/single effects (monocausal) or multiple causes/ multiple effects (multicausal), so that evolution History of causality in Epidemiology the following causal theories and models are recognized [6,7,8,9,10,11,12]
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