Abstract
Conventional treatment of children with severe gastroenteritis is based on antibiotic therapy. Due to the emergence of Multi-Drug resistant bacteria and pediatric therapeutic failures, this study was undertaken to determine resistance phenotypes of Salmonella spp. responsible for children, gastroenteritis. From August 2013 to October 2015, this study was carried out in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Salmonella spp. we're isolated in diarrheal children, hospitalized or received in consultation at Centre Medical avec Antenne Chirurgicale Paul Reportage at the Medical Center with Surgical Antenna Paul VI and Centre Medical avec Antenne Chirurgicale Schiphra for acute diarrhea. The method of streaking on selective medium was used to isolate bacteria and their identification was done through the standard biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was based on the disk diffusion method. Fifty three (53) Salmonella spp. strains were isolated. Salmonella spp. were high resistant to amoxicillin (96.2%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (92.5%), tetracycline (73.6%), colistin sulfate (56.6%) and ceftriaxone (50.9%). Resistance was very high in children less than two years of age. The most resistant phenotype represented was the Extended Spectrum β-lactamases phenotype (60.4%). Multi-Drug Resistant Salmonella spp. is becoming predominant among Enterobacteriaceae prevalent in pediatric services. These strains becoming resistant to the first-line antibiotics could increase the severity of the situation of Salmonella gastroenteritis in Burkina Faso.
Highlights
Salmonellosis is a major cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide in developing countries
The study was involved on 53 Salmonella spp. isolated in children less than five years of age with acute diarrhea, hospitalized or received in consultation with the "Centre Médical avec Antenne Chirurgicale (CMA)" Paul VI and CMA Schiphra
According to European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) recommendations on antibiotics used in case of infection with enterobacteria and in view of the multidrug resistance observed in recent years
Summary
Salmonellosis is a major cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide in developing countries. Salmonella spp. is bacteria that are widespread in tropical environments [1]. They are responsible for gastroenteritis and are a major cause of diarrhea in the world [1]. Acute diarrhea with Salmonella spp. are a daily concern in developing countries, in Burkina Faso. With the alarming rise in antibiotic resistance in developing countries, the need for a surveillance system in this region has become pressing. The emergence of Salmonella spp. resistant to antibiotics of last resort in pediatric centers is a threat to public health, with the risk of ending up with therapeutic impasses
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