Abstract
The epidemiology and prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in today’s youth and tomorrow’s adults, is currently in alarming stages and goes hand in hand with Childhood Obesity (CO). This association causes detrimental impacts on child health and around 68% global population today are affected by it. T2DM is initiated in children with obesity as insulin functioning is resisted, which further leads to an inflammation and damage in the pancreas leading to adverse effects in later stages of life. Many scientific studies have been conducted to understand this link and does Body Mass Index (BMI) contribute to this epidemiology and complications related to T2DM and Obesity in children. Alarming effects, both physically and internally on the pancreas are observed because of these conditions and also causes fat deposition in the body organs like pancreas leading to increased Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist Circumference (WC). This association can be caused due to genetic factor during infancy, but this has still not been validated as relevant researches are still underway. Important studies like SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth have contributed to giving important and useful findings about this association but still much needs to be achieved to make future progress in overcoming this burden on child health and ensure that Sustainable Developmental Goal (SDG) 3 is achieved at a global level.
Highlights
Prevalence of Childhood Obesity (CO) is being reported in large number of studies across globe each day
The study conducted on the Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis has reported that CO leads to 16% higher chances of developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) [8]
The analyses reported that the Obesity was linked to higher levels of Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), Hip Circumference (HC) and Waist and Hip Ratio (WHR)
Summary
Prevalence of Childhood Obesity (CO) is being reported in large number of studies across globe each day. About one-third of children globally, fall in the category of being overweight or obese. Obesity related risk factors have been considered as a metabolic syndrome and generally occur in lower- and middle- income countries of the world [1]. There are newly emerging evidences that show there exists a direct link between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and children living with Obesity and poor Body Mass Index (BMI). Most children and youth face problems of achieving the optimal levels of glucose and are at risks of adult life health complications. Both Obesity and T2DM pose major healthcare challenges and dangerous effects on the economical, personal and societal factor [2]
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