Abstract
BackgroundTo report the epidemiology and clinical features of viral anterior uveitis in patients in southern Taiwan.MethodsA retrospective, case series study. HLA-B27 negative anterior uveitis patients with increased intraocular pressure or corneal edema seen at Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital from January 1, 2007 to January 31, 2018 had their aqueous sent for polymerase chain reaction analysis. Their records were reviewed for demographic data, ocular findings, and laboratory results.ResultsIn the aqueous samples obtained from 102 eligible eyes, 42 eyes were herpesviridae-positive, which included 9 with herpes simplex virus (8.8%), 5 with varicella-zoster virus (4.9%), 27 with cytomegalovirus (26.5%), and 1 with Epstein-Barr virus (1%). Herpesviridae-positive patients were more likely to be male, and have glaucoma. Glaucoma and pseudophakic eyes were significantly associated with CMV-positive eyes.ConclusionPCR analysis of the anterior chamber fluid is important for the confirmation of the diagnosis of viral anterior uveitis. Cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis is not uncommon in patients in southern Taiwan, and it may follow an uneventful cataract extraction in immunocompetent patients.
Highlights
To report the epidemiology and clinical features of viral anterior uveitis in patients in southern Taiwan
In patients with HLA-B27 negative anterior uveitis, cases with hypertensive anterior uveitis are commonly associated with Posner-Schlossman syndrome (PSS), or a viral infection due to herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), or cytomegalovirus (CMV) [7, 9,10,11]
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the percentage of virus-associated Anterior uveitis (AU) in non-HLA associated AU in southern Taiwan
Summary
To report the epidemiology and clinical features of viral anterior uveitis in patients in southern Taiwan. Uveitis is a sight-threatening inflammatory ocular disease, and leads to 5–10% of visual impairment worldwide [1, 2]. HLA-B27 acute anterior uveitis (AAU) accounts for between 6 and 13% of all anterior uveitis in Asia [7]. HLA-B27 AAU is characterized by association with systemic diseases, ankylosing spondylitis, male prevalence, hypopyon, unilateral or alternating bilateral involvement, fibrinous reaction, and papillitis [8]. In patients with HLA-B27 negative anterior uveitis, cases with hypertensive anterior uveitis are commonly associated with Posner-Schlossman syndrome (PSS), or a viral infection due to herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), or cytomegalovirus (CMV) [7, 9,10,11]. Non-HLA associated AU patients with relatively normal intraocular pressure (IOP) are classified as Fuchs’ heterochromic iridocyclitis (FHI), rubella virus infection, or idiopathic [10, 12]
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