Epidemiology and associated risk factors with allergic rhinitis, acute and chronic rhinosinusitis in Kashan

Abstract

ObjectivesAllergic rhinitis and acute and chronic rhinosinusitis are common upper respiratory tract diseases. The most common risk factors related to allergic rhinitis include male gender, family history of allergy, and atopy. The inflammation of the nose and paranasal sinuses is known as rhinosinusitis. The most common symptoms of rhinosinusitis are nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, and facial pressure. The difference between acute and chronic rhinosinusitis is the duration that symptoms last. If it lasts more than 12 weeks, it is defined as chronic rhinosinusitis. MethodsIn this observational questionnaire-based study, the demographic data, clinical spectrum, and past medical history of the 337 patients were studied. The cases were randomly enrolled from various areas of the city. ResultsA total of 337 patients (75 males and 262 females) with a median (IQR) age of 37.0 (29.0–45.0) years were included. Allergic rhinitis (n=176, 52.2%) was the most common clinical manifestation, followed by acute rhinosinusitis (n=123, 36.5%), and chronic rhinosinusitis (n=93, 27.7%). Twenty-seven patients (8%) had a history of asthma (8 males and 19 females). Statistically, a significant difference was found between age groups with allergic rhinitis (p-value=0.009) and chronic rhinosinusitis (p-value=0.001). Asthma has a significant relationship with allergic rhinitis (p=0.002), chronic rhinosinusitis (p-value=0.012), and analgesic allergy (p-value=0.005). ConclusionsIn the current study, we highlighted the prevalence of rhinitis allergic and rhinosinusitis, and also demonstrated the relationship between asthma, allergic rhinitis, acute and chronic rhinosinusitis, and analgesic allergy, in Kashan, Iran.