Epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Salmonella in chickens, sewage, and workers of broiler farms in selected areas of Bangladesh.

Sudipta Talukder,Md Yamin Ali,Syeda Tanjina Tasmim,Md Taohidul Islam,Amit Kumar Mandal,Md Zahorul Islam,Azimun Nahar,Md Mehedi Hasan,Mst Sonia Parvin

doi:10.3855/jidc.14100

Sudipta Talukder, Md Yamin Ali + Show 7 more

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https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.14100

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Abstract

A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence and AMR pattern of Salmonella isolated from broiler chickens, farm sewage, and farm workers. This study also aimed at identifying the risk factors for Salmonella infection in chickens. Cloacal swabs (n = 50) from broiler chickens, farm sewage (n = 50), and hand washed water of farm workers (n = 50) were collected along with data on farm management and antimicrobial usage from 50 broiler farms of Mymensingh and Gazipur districts. All samples were analysed for the presence of Salmonella using selective media and PCR assay. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was done for ten antimicrobials by disk diffusion test. Risk factor analyses were carried out by multivariable logistic regression using SPSS. The overall Salmonella prevalence was 66% (99/150). Salmonella prevalence were 82% and 72% in cloacal swabs and farm sewage samples, respectively. From hand washed water, 44% of the samples were positive for Salmonella. Salmonella infection in broiler chickens was significantly associated with farming experience (≤ 5 years) and age of birds (≥ 11 days). Similar pattern of antimicrobial resistance was observed in Salmonella isolated from three types of samples, and high resistances were observed to colistin, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime. Moreover, isolates from all the three sources showed high percentage of multidrug-resistance (80.6% to 97.6%). The findings of this study reveal that antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella are prevailing at animal-human-environment interface, which needs an integrated approach to limit further spread of AMR.

Highlights

A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pattern of Salmonella isolated from broiler chickens, farm sewage, and farm workers
Lower percentage of Salmonella was obtained from hand washed water of farmers than cloacal swabs which was in accordance with the earlier report of Akond et al who reported 26.3% and 6% prevalence of Salmonella in cloacal swab and hand washed water samples respectively [11]
This study estimates the high prevalence of Salmonella in the broiler farm settings in Mymensingh district of Bangladesh with low biosecurity score

Summary

Introduction

A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence and AMR pattern of Salmonella isolated from broiler chickens, farm sewage, and farm workers. This study aimed at identifying the risk factors for Salmonella infection in chickens. Salmonella prevalence were 82% and 72% in cloacal swabs and farm sewage samples, respectively. Salmonella infection in broiler chickens was significantly associated with farming experience (≤ 5 years) and age of birds (≥ 11 days). Similar pattern of antimicrobial resistance was observed in Salmonella isolated from three types of samples, and high resistances were observed to colistin, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime. A large variety of zoonotic pathogens are responsible for the occurrence of those diseases Among those pathogens, Salmonella is a significant contributor to foodborne illness in both developing and developed countries [3]. It has been estimated that around 94 million people are infected and 155,000 people died each year with non-typhoidal

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