Abstract
BackgroundThis study was performed to understand the prevalence of and possible risk factors for cholecystolithiasis in Uyghur, Kazakh, Han, and other ethnic groups in the Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous region of China.MethodsSubjects were enrolled using typical case sampling and multistage stratified random sampling. We collected epidemiological data regarding cholecystolithiasis using a standard questionnaire of risk factors for gallbladder disease in Xinjiang. The subjects completed the questionnaire and underwent an abdominal ultrasound examination of the liver and gallbladder.ResultsThis study included 5454 Xinjiang residents aged ≥ 18 years. The prevalence of cholecystolithiasis was 15% (11.3% in men and 17.1% in women), and the sex difference was statistically significant (male-to-female odds ratio [OR] 1.867; p < 0.001). The cholecystolithiasis prevalence was also significantly different among the Han, Uyghur, Kazakh, and other ethnic groups (13.1%, 20.8%, 11.5%, and 16.8%, respectively; p < 0.001). The prevalence of cholecystolithiasis in northern Xinjiang was 13.5% and that in southern Xinjiang was 17.5%; this difference was also statistically significant (OR 1.599; p < 0.001). Across all ethnic groups, the cholecystolithiasis prevalence significantly increased with age (all p < 0.01) and body mass index (BMI) (all p < 0.01). A multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that cholecystolithiasis prevalence was associated with sex, age, BMI, smoking, diabetes, fatty liver disease, and geographical differences between northern and southern Xinjiang.ConclusionsThe prevalence of cholecystolithiasis was significantly higher in the Uyghur ethnic group than in the Han, Kazakh, and other ethnic groups; in women than in men; in southern Xinjiang than in northern Xinjiang; in patients with fatty liver disease; and increased with age and BMI. Our findings could provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of control measures for cholecystolithiasis.
Highlights
This study was performed to understand the prevalence of and possible risk factors for cholecystolithiasis in Uyghur, Kazakh, Han, and other ethnic groups in the Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous region of China
Our study showed that factors such as sex, age, body mass index (BMI), smoking habits, diabetes, fatty liver disease, and regional differences between northern and southern Xinjiang were associated with the prevalence of cholecystolithiasis in the different ethnic groups
Our study showed that the prevalence of cholecystolithiasis was significantly higher in Uyghurs than in the Han, Kazakh, and other ethnic groups; in women than in men; and in people residing in southern Xinjiang than in northern Xinjiang
Summary
This study was performed to understand the prevalence of and possible risk factors for cholecystolithiasis in Uyghur, Kazakh, Han, and other ethnic groups in the Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous region of China. Cholecystolithiasis is a common clinical disease worldwide. It is a major public health problem in most Western countries, and it is more prevalent in those countries than in Asian countries. The prevalence of cholecystolithiasis is increasing with the increase in the standard of living in China, but study results have varied. Survey data for China in 1989 showed that the detection rate of cholecystolithiasis was 6.6% overall; it varied between 3 and 15% in different regions [2]. An epidemiological survey of cholecystolithiasis in China from 2007 to 2010 showed that the prevalence rates in the populations of Taiwan [3] and Shanghai [4] were 5.3% and 10.7%, respectively. A randomized epidemiological survey of the Wensu County of Xinjiang [5] found a prevalence rate of 13.2%, which is much higher than the average prevalence of 10% in China
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