Abstract
Objective: To conduct a retrospective study through epidemiological survey of the biopsies of oral cavity performed at the Center of Pathology, Cytology, and Cytopathology– CEPACC in Parnaíba-PI, from 1998 to 2011. Material and Methods: One hundred and thirty-nine referrals and reports were analyzed by evaluating the group and prevalence of oral lesions, anatomical location, and distribution in relation to type, gender, and age. Results: Females (52%) showed the greatest prevalence, observing more cases in the age range of 41 to 60 years. The lip was the preferable location of the analyzed lesions. The groups of the lesions in salivary glands (17%), malignant tumors of epithelial origin, benign tumors of conjunctive origin, premalignant lesions of epithelial origin, and odontogenic cysts were the most common lesions. Considering the isolated lesions, squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequent. We observed a greater preference for salivary gland lesions, although great diversity of clinical cases was found. Conclusion: The reported lesions occurred mostly in adult females and in groups with salivary gland diseases. KeywordsEpidemiology; Oral lesions; Biopsy; Oral Pathology; Diagnosis.
Highlights
The oral cavity and the maxillofacial complex have their own anatomical and physiological characteristics that make them different between each other in function of the respective adaptive processes
This study aimed to perform a retrospective quantitative descriptive study on the main alterations and lesions of the oral and maxillofacial complex treated at the Center of Pathology, Cytology, and Cytopathology – CEPACC in Parnaíba-PI-BR, from 1998 to 2011, by detailing the diagnosis according to the main epidemiological aspects of the lesions, as well as their anatomical location, classification, and prevalence. This was a descriptive quantitative retrospective study conducted in the Center of Pathology, Cytology, and Cytopathology CEPACC in the city of Parnaíba-PI-BR, providing services of anatomopathological tests
Graph 1 - Prevalence of oral lesions found at Center of Pathology, Cytology, and Cytopathology – CEPACC in the city of Parnaíba-PI, from 1998 to 2011 regarding to gender
Summary
The oral cavity and the maxillofacial complex have their own anatomical and physiological characteristics that make them different between each other in function of the respective adaptive processes. The alterations of tissue normality of oral mucosa exert and are influenced by the individual’s general health, in which the knowledge on the frequency and distribution is useful to estabilish the diagnosis of prevention policies [3]. Having this information provides grants for researches and identification, prevention and controlling programs and enables the diagnosis standardization, which makes easy interpopulational comparison [2,4]. A safe and comprehensive examination of the oral structures should be followed by complementary examinations, such as the biopsy to be further analyzed through the histopathological test, which when properly executed, provides 100% of accuracy in relation to the correct diagnosis [5]
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