Abstract
The scope of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis among 11 to 14-year-old schoolchildren in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil, which is a tropical city with a fluoridated public drinking water supply. It involved a cross-sectional observational study on a sample of 571 students in public and private schools. Informed Consent forms were approved for the data collection and the exams were conducted at the schools. Data were recorded on a questionnaire answered by the parents, regarding the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics and oral hygiene habits of the sample. The dental exam was performed qualified dental sugeons. The Thylstrup-Fejerskov (TF) index was used. The prevalence of fluorosis was 77.9%, and only 12.5% of the affected children had TF ≥ grade 3 (with aesthetic damage). The premolars were the teeth most affected by fluorosis. Among the students with the highest severity of fluorosis, 98.6% belonged to the lowest social bracket (> B2), 91.5% were born and had always lived in Teresina, 94.4% consumed water from the fluoridated public supply, 76% used toothpaste for children and 64% of mothers reported that they swallowed toothpaste. The prevalence of fluorosis was high, though the severity was low in individuals exposed to fluoridation since birth.
Highlights
Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a prevalência e a severidade de fluorose dentária em escolares de 11 a 14 anos de idade em Teresina (PI) Brasil, município de clima tropical com água de abastecimento público fluoretada
The scope of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis among 11 to 14-year-old schoolchildren in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil, which is a tropical city with a fluoridated public drinking water supply
Informed Consent forms were approved for the data collection and the exams were conducted at the schools
Summary
O uso de fluoretos está diretamente relacionado à redução na prevalência e severidade de cárie observada atualmente[1]. A fluoretação da água de abastecimento foi reconhecida como uma das dez mais importantes medidas de saúde pública do século passado[4], sendo o mais efetivo, econômico e abrangente método de prevenção da cárie dentária em locais de alta prevalência da doença[5]. Em Teresina, Piauí, foi observada prevalência de fluorose dentária de 61,6% em escolares da rede municipal de ensino, nascidos entre os anos 1993 e 1994 período em que a fluoretação de água foi interrompida, retornando apenas em 199821. Desta forma, este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a prevalência e a severidade da fluorose em escolares na faixa etária de 11 a 14 anos da cidade de Teresina, nascidos entre 1998 e 2001. Foi realizado estudo do tipo observacional transversal cuja população foi constituída por escolares matriculados em escolas públicas e particulares do município de Teresina, PI, Brasil. Após a aceitação das escolas foram sorteadas as turmas e os escolares
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