Epidemiological Study of Uveal Melanoma from US Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (2010-2015).

Yufeng Xu,Lixia Lou,Qi Miao,Menglu Chen,Yijie Wang,Juan Ye,Kai Jin

doi:10.1155/2020/3614039

Yufeng Xu, Lixia Lou + Show 5 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3614039

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Abstract

Purpose Uveal melanoma is the most common intraocular malignancy, and the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) changed its staging methodology from 2010, incorporating notable changes into the T-staging. There were few literatures evaluating the epidemiological trend and risk factors of survival in multicenter longitudinal studies regarding the new staging system. Methods We performed population-based cohort analyses using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to identify patients with primary uveal melanoma from 2010 to 2015. Patients and potential prognosis indicators were extracted from SEER 18. Incidence rates, incidence rates ratios (IRR), annual percent changes (APC) in rate, hazard ratios (HR), 5-year accumulative overall survival (OS), and disease-specific survival (DSS) were calculated. Results A total of 2631 patients for incidence analysis and 1142 patients for survival analysis were retrieved. The overall incidence of uveal melanoma was 4.637 per million (95% confidence interval (CI), 4.458–4.821), which was significantly elevated by average APC of 4.215% (p = 0.03). Females had significantly lower incidence (4.076 per million, IRR, 0.768, 95% CI, 0.710–0.832) with noticeable differences among age, race, origin, and laterality in sex-stratified analyses as well. Survival analyses revealed 5-year accumulative OS and DSS for patients with uveal melanoma of 61.8% and 66.5%, respectively. Age, AJCC stage, and radiation therapy were found to be consistent predictors in both univariate and multivariate analysis models. Conclusion Incidence of uveal melanoma increased by significant APC and varied between genders. Determinants of survival included age at diagnosis, AJCC stage, and radiation therapy.

Highlights

Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy, which most commonly arises from choroidal melanocytes (85–90%) [1,2,3,4,5,6]
Metastatic disease will be observed on about half of patients of metastatic diagnosis with 6–12 months’ survival [2]. e management of localized melanoma can be divided into globe-preserving therapy and enucleation. e Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study (COMS) trial showed there is no difference between 125I brachytherapy and enucleation against medium-sized choroidal melanomas in 15 years of follow-up [25]
From the SEER 18 database between 2010 and 2015, a total of 2631 cases were pooled for incidence analyses

Summary

Introduction

Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy, which most commonly arises from choroidal melanocytes (85–90%) [1,2,3,4,5,6]. Blurred vision (37.8%) is the most common symptom; as many as one-third of patients are asymptomatic at diagnosis [6]. Uveal melanoma and cutaneous melanoma act quite differently in etiopathogenesis and biological behaviors [7, 8]. Metastatic disease will be observed on about half of patients of metastatic diagnosis with 6–12 months’ survival [2]. E COMS trial showed there is no difference between 125I brachytherapy and enucleation against medium-sized choroidal melanomas in 15 years of follow-up [25] Metastatic disease will be observed on about half of patients of metastatic diagnosis with 6–12 months’ survival [2]. e management of localized melanoma can be divided into globe-preserving therapy and enucleation. e COMS trial showed there is no difference between 125I brachytherapy and enucleation against medium-sized choroidal melanomas in 15 years of follow-up [25]

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Conclusion