Epidemiological Study of Cutaneous Manifestations in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a varied cutaneous manifestations both due to its underlying etiology as well as treatment modalities. We evaluated the prevalence of dermatological manifestations in patients with CKD . Material and methods: In accordance with internal guidelines of the institute and approval by the Institutional Review Board of the hospital, a observational study was done on all the patients with CKD not on hemodialysis and not of post renal transplant, attending the dermatology OPD after taking informed consent. 106 patients with CKD, were examined for cutaneous changes. Among them were 68 males and 38 females with CKD Results: The most prevalent finding in CKD patients was xerosis (69%) followed by pruritus (67%) and pigmentation disorders (11%). Other cutaneous manifestations included acquired perforating diseases(APD) (7.5%); fungal (9.4%), viral (7%) and bacterial (2%) infections and nail changes(11%).Other skin manifestations include in 25 (24%) patients and included eczemas in 14 (56%) stasis dermatitis in 4 (16%), ecchymosis in 3 (12%), acne 1 (4%), psoriasis 1 (4%), parasitic infections like scabies in 1 (4%) patients.Hair changes were seen in (18% ),mucosal changes were seen in ( 14% ) Conclusion: In our study xerosis and pruritus were higher among skin changes. The dermatologic complications can significantly impair the quality of life in certain individuals; therefore, earlier diagnosis and treatment is important to improve their quality of life.