Epidemiological statistical methods: A comparative review of their implementation in public health studies in the USA and Africa

Abstract

This scholarly exploration delves into the realm of epidemiological statistical methods, juxtaposing their application within the distinct public health landscapes of the United States and Africa. The study's core objective was to dissect and compare the evolution, effectiveness, and adaptability of these methods across these diverse regions, thereby enriching the understanding of global health dynamics. Embracing a qualitative methodology, the study employed advanced analytical tools and AI technologies, ensuring a thorough examination of data, and facilitating a nuanced comparative analysis. The findings reveal a marked evolution in the United States, characterized by a shift from traditional epidemiological approaches to more sophisticated, data-driven techniques. In contrast, African epidemiological practices emphasized community engagement and education in disease prevention, gradually pivoting towards non-communicable diseases and mental health. The study also illuminated the critical role of technology in modern epidemiological research, enhancing efficiency and broadening the scope of investigations. Furthermore, it highlighted the significant impact of international policies on epidemiological methods and underscored the dynamic interplay between technology and policy in shaping public health strategies. Conclusively, this study not only achieved its objectives but also offered a comprehensive view of the current state and potential future directions of epidemiological research. Recommendations emphasize the need for continued innovation in methodologies, adoption of inclusive approaches considering socioeconomic contexts, and alignment of technological advancements with policy decisions. As epidemiology continues to evolve, this study serves as a guiding light, steering future research and interventions towards more effective and equitable public health outcomes.