Epidemiological profile of tuberculosis in the city of Belo Horizonte (MG), from 2002 to 2008.

Dener Carlos Dos Reis,Mariana Mattar Sampaio,Humberto Ferreira De Oliveira Quites,Thiara Amanda Corrêa De Almeida

doi:10.1590/s1415-790x2013000300004

Abstract

To assess the epidemiological profile of tuberculosis in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, from 2002 to 2008. For descriptive epidemiological study, the data were obtained from the municipal National Health Surveillance System, after obtaining approval from the Research Ethics Committee at the City Health Department. Incidence coefficient, average rates and stratified data analysis with significance level of p ≤ 0.05 were calculated. About 7.590 new tuberculosis cases were reported between 2002 and 2008. There was a slight reduction in the number of cases throughout the historical trend, with an average annual incidence rate of 46/100,000 inhabitants. The study also showed a male gender ratio of 1.84:1, a higher incidence coefficient in the age group between 40 and 59 years old (73/100,000) and a higher incidence of tuberculosis among people who only had primary education level. Pulmonary tuberculosis was the most prevalent form in every year of the study (p < 0,001). Among the cases reported with associated diseases, alcoholism was registered in 47.9% and AIDS in 34.5%. Between 2002 and 2008, there was an increasing trend of cases treated under Directly Observed Treatment, accounting for 29.5% in total. Cure percentage rate was below the expected result (67.3%) and non-adherence to treatment showed a high total percentage (17.9%). The results indicated that tuberculosis control actions need to be intensified with investments on professional training, systemic audits of the information system, improved integration between AIDS/tuberculosis programs and raising awareness of the disease with the goal of mobilizing the society.

Highlights

Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil epidemiológico da tuberculose em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, no período de 2002 a 2008
It was observed that both the sexes had presented a reduction in the incidence rate of TB throughout the evaluated period
The average rate of the incidence rate, in the evaluated historical series, was of 46/100.000 inhabitants, being lesser than what was found in studies carried out in other capitals, Teresina[12] and Salvador[2], but bigger than what was estimated for the state of Minas Gerais and Brazil, of 26/100,000 and 41/100,000 inhabitants, respectively[11]

Summary

Introduction

Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil epidemiológico da tuberculose em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, no período de 2002 a 2008. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico, descritivo, de série histórica, cujos dados foram obtidos no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação, após a aprovação no Conselho de Ética e Pesquisa da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde. Foram calculados coeficientes de incidência, taxas médias e a análise estratificada dos dados com nível de significância de p ≤ 0,05. Resultados: Foram notificados, entre 2002 e 2008, 7.590 casos novos de tuberculose, houve um declínio do número de casos ao longo da série histórica, com taxa média anual de incidência de 46/100.000 habitantes. Observou-se uma razão de masculinidade de 1,84:1, um maior coeficiente de incidência no grupo etário de 40 a 59 anos (73/100.000 habitantes) e elevada ocorrência da tuberculose entre os indivíduos com até o ensino fundamental. Conclusão: Os resultados indicaram que as ações de controle da tuberculose precisam ser intensificadas com investimentos em capacitação profissional, auditorias sistemáticas do sistema de informação, melhorias na integração dos programas da tuberculose/AIDS e difusão de informação sobre a doença, visando à mobilização social

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Conclusion