Abstract
to evaluate the epidemiological profile, the surgical treatment and the postoperative results of patients with complex traumatic injuries to the lower limbs. we conducted a retrospective study of patients with traumatic complex injuries treated by the Plastic Surgery Service of a regional hospital in Brasília. We analyzed clinical-epidemiological data, type of surgical procedure and functional recovery of the limb after six months of treatment. 119 patients were treated, with a mean age of 29 years, predominantly men (76.4%). Motorcycle accident was responsible for most of the injuries, in 37.8% of cases. The most frequent surgical treatment was skin grafting (62.1%), followed by the fasciocutaneous flap (21.9%), muscular flap (12.6%) and microsurgical flap (3.4%). Six months after completion of the surgical treatment, 35.3% of the patients needed crutches to move, characterizing a delay in limb functional recovery that, however, was significantly related to the presence of fractures, external fixation or bone exposure in the preoperative period. the profile of the patient with complex traumatic lower limb injury was a male, motorcycle accident victim, and grafting was the most used treatment. Orthopedic trauma with bone fracture, bone exposure and the presence of external fixator were significantly associated with a higher risk of limb functional impairment, requiring locomotion crutches after six months of treatment.
Highlights
High-energy trauma has increased significantly in the last decades, mainly due to auto and motorcycles accidents
The objective of this study is to evaluate the epidemiological profile, the treatment offered and the postoperative results of victims of trauma to the lower limbs admitted to the Plastic Surgery Service of the North Wing Regional Hospital, Brasília - DF
This is a retrospective study of patients admitted to the Plastic Surgery Service of a regional public hospital, who had wounds with loss of substance
Summary
High-energy trauma has increased significantly in the last decades, mainly due to auto and motorcycles accidents. Trauma victims may have lesions of varying severity and location, the lower limbs being an important site of injury. These can vary from simple skin solutions of continuity to great tissue losses and exposure of noble structures[1,2]. The lower limbs have peculiar anatomical features that make their reconstruction a complex theme. These include the need to support body weight, a greater propensity to develop deep venous thrombosis, problems with venous stasis and chronic edema, frequent occurrence of atherosclerosis and difficult nervous regeneration[3,4]. Functional recovery should always be sought, regardless of the proposed treatment, be it reconstruction or amputation[3,4,5,6]
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