Epidemiological Profile and Prognosis of Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of the National Hospital of Zinder

Abstract

Resuscitation is a discipline that allows the management of patients with or likely to have one or more acute visceral failures. It is the set of measures allowing the restoration of vital functions momentarily compromised during acute medical, surgical or traumatic situations. Resuscitation patients suffer from potentially serious physiological instability. What is the epidemiological profile of patients admitted to the multipurpose intensive care unit of the national hospital in Zinder? The aim was to highlight the epidemiological profile of the patients admitted and their fate in order to improve management. This was a prospective, descriptive and analytical study conducted in the polyvalent resuscitation service of the national hospital of Zinder from January 1st, 2019 to June 30, 2019. Patients admitted directly or transferred from the hospital's internal services or from other health structures were included. Age, sex, reason for admission, history and prognosis were the variables studied. The data collection was done from the admission register, the patient file and the survey form addressed to the patient and/or the family. The data analysis was done with the computer tool, Excel. During the study period, four hundred and forty-two (442) patients were registered, 72.62% of whom were men and 27.37% women, i.e. a sex ratio of 2.6. The average age was 30, 31 years with extremes of 01 day and 86 years. The 19 to 86 years age group was the most affected with 50.90% of cases followed by the 06 to 18 years age group (33.48%). Surgical pathologies were the main reason for admission with 76.47% of cases versus 07.69% for medical ones. Surgical history represented 76.69% versus 09.04% for medical history. Arterial hypertension, diabetes and envenomation were the main medical pathologies recorded. The surgical pathologies observed were peritonitis, appendicitis, hernia, occlusion, trauma, goiter and malformation. The prognosis was favorable for 84.16% against .........