Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the epidemiology of orthopedic spine pathology in a national reference hospital in Mexico. Methods: Retrospective, observational and cross-sectional study, using the database and hospitalization census of the orthopedic spine service from January 2009 to December 2016. The data analysis was performed with SPSS version 22 measuring the central frequency and percentages. The demographic variables age and sex, and those related to the diagnosis, type of pathology, affected segment and degrees of affection were obtained. The sampling technique was non-probabilistic sampling by convenience of consecutive cases. Results: We analyzed 7,771 cases: 50.34% males, with a mean age of 53.51 years. The prevalence of the most frequent diseases in hospitalized patients was stenosis of the lumbar canal with 25.85% (1,834 patients), followed by lumbar disc herniation (23.12%), spondylolisthesis (22.63%), cervical spondylotic myelopathy (8.76%), lumbar pain and lumbosciatalgia (4.10%), cervical disc herniation (3.96%), primary infection (3.80%), loosening of material (3.16%), spinal tumors (2.53%) and cervical instability (2.04%). Conclusions: This is the largest series of cases of spinal pathology treated in a hospital in Latin America. The most frequent condition was the stenosis of the lumbar canal, the most affected segment was the lumbar, and the most affected age group was 51 to 60 years. The estimate is an increase in the incidence of spinal diseases, so it is necessary to identify the risk factors and the behavior of each disease for its prevention. Level of Evidence IV; Retrospective, observational and descriptive study.
Highlights
There has been an increase in the number of patients with chronic spine disease, with elevated morbidity and mortality rates.[1,2,3] Most of the patients are young working adults, which generates a great economic loss for society and for the country
A total of 7,771 cases with spine pathology who were admitted for hospital treatment between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2016 were analyzed, of whom 4,119 (53%) were male with an average age of 53.51 years, a mean of 51 and a median of 64
Among the pathologies reviewed in this study, we did not observe a significant increase in the number of cases of disc herniation during the period from 2009 to 2016
Summary
There has been an increase in the number of patients with chronic spine disease, with elevated morbidity and mortality rates.[1,2,3] Most of the patients are young working adults, which generates a great economic loss for society and for the country. There is little evidence of the prevalence of orthopedic spine pathology in the world literature.[4,5,6,7] Patients with spine disease are a group that requires special attention for their treatment and rehabilitation due to the high costs that they generate in the medical, economic, and social spheres.[8,9,10,11] They are patients that pose a significant health problem in Mexico due to the fact that they require prolonged hospitalizations, often several surgical procedures, and the recovery period is long, which means more consultations, lost work time, and the employment of relatives as caretakers during their recovery.[12,13,14,15] The objective of our study was to identify the prevalence of orthopedic spine pathology in a national reference center from 2009 to 2016
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