Abstract
BackgroundThe incidence of lower genital tract infections in China has been increasing in recent years. The link between high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) remains unclear.MethodsFrom March to October 2014, gynecological examinations and questionnaires were conducted on 1218 married women. Cervical secretions and vaginal swab specimens were tested for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU), yeast, clue cells and HR-HPV.ResultsLaboratory results were available for 1195 of 1218 married women. HR-HPV was detected in 7.0% of participants. Forty-seven percent of women had lower genital tract infections (LGTIs). UU was the most common infection (35.5%), followed by bacterial vaginosis (BV) (10.5%), yeast infection (3.7%), CT (2.2%), and Trichomonas vaginalis (1.7%). BV was associated with an increased risk of HR- HPV (P < 0.0001; odds ratio, 3.0 [95% CI, 1.7–5.4]). There was a strong correlation between abnormal cervical cytology and HR-HPV infection (P < 0.0001).ConclusionsThe prevalence of LGTIs in Beijing is at a high level. It is clinically important to screen for the simultaneous presence of pathogens that cause co-infections with HR-HPV.
Highlights
Lower genital tract infection (LGTI) is one of the most common causes of gynecological morbidities in China [1], jeopardizing health, economy, and quality of life [2,3]
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) was associated with an increased risk of HR- human papillomavirus (HPV) (P < 0.0001; odds ratio, 3.0 [95% CI, 1.7– 5.4])
There was a strong correlation between abnormal cervical cytology and high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection (P < 0.0001)
Summary
Lower genital tract infection (LGTI) is one of the most common causes of gynecological morbidities in China [1], jeopardizing health, economy, and quality of life [2,3]. Previous studies have reported the prevalence of 11.4–21% for the most common LGTIs in women of reproductive age [6]. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most prevalent LGTI in women of reproductive age throughout the world, and is a microecological imbalance of the genital tract in which the normal protective Lactobacilli-predominant microbiota are replaced by large numbers of anaerobic vaginal microorganisms [7]. Previous studies have demonstrated that BV was associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery, upper genital tract infection, sexually transmitted infections, HIV infection, and other conditions [8,9,10]. The incidence of lower genital tract infections in China has been increasing in recent years. The link between high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) remains unclear
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