Epidemiological investigation of multiple myeloma in Jining City

Abstract

Objective To analyze clinical data of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) in Jining City in 2015, and to provide the theoretical basis for the epidemiological study of MM. Methods From 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2015, 114 patients with newly diagnosed MM were selected as the subjects in Jining City. The data of research subjects were selected from Cancer Reporting System of Jining Disease Control and Prevention Center , hospital information system (HIS) of second-graded or above hospitals in Jining City, and Information System of Jining Medical Insurance Management Center . The incidence rate of MM, distribution of gender, age and region, MM clinical stages, types of M protein, primary symptoms, and clinical features associated with renal damage were observed in Jining City in 2015. Results ①In 2015, the incidence rate of MM in Jining City was 1.38/105. ②The male incidence rate of MM was 1.68/105, and that of female was 1.14/100 000. The incidence rate of MM between male and female was statistically significant(χ2=4.176, P=0.041). ③The median age of onset in male MM patients was (65.9 ±9.9) years old, and that of the females were (65.3± 9.8) years old. The difference between them was not statistically significant(t=0.334, P=0.584). ④The incidence of MM in rural areas was 2.24/105, and the incidence of MM in urban areas was 0.59/105. There was significant difference between them(χ2=41.007, P<0.001). ⑤There were 57 patients(50.0%, 57/114) with stage Ⅲ MM. The main type of M protein was immunoglobulin (Ig) G, accounting for 43.0% (49/114). ⑥The main primary symptoms of MM were bone pain (32.5%, 37/114) and fatigue (21.9%, 25/114) at the first visit.⑦There were significant differences in levels of hemoglobin (Hb), levels of β2- microglobulin (MG), serum Ca2+ concentration between normal renal function patients and abnormal renal function patients (χ2=4.154, P=0.042; χ2=14.233, P<0.001; χ2=4.600, P=0.032). Conclusions In 2015, the age of MM onset in Jining City was younger than that in Europe and America, and the incidence rate of MM in male was higher than that in female. The incidence rate of MM in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas. The clinical stage of MM patients is usually stage Ⅲ at the first visit. Hemoglobin, serum Ca2+ concentration and β2-MG are closely related to the impairment of renal function in patients with MM. Key words: Multiple myeloma; Epidemiology; Incidence