Abstract
Surgical acute abdomens represent a significant proportion of surgical emergencies in terms of frequency, morbidity and mortality. The aim of our study was to describe the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of acute surgical abdomens operated in the surgical emergency department of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Souro Sanou (CHUSS). This was a retrospective descriptive study of 426 cases of surgical acute abdomens operated in the CHUSS surgical emergency department from 1 January to 31 December 2015. These 426 cases accounted for 24.14% of the emergency interventions carried out in the CHUSS surgical emergency department. These were 314 (73.7%) men and 112 (26.3%) women with an average age of 30 years. Among the causes, there were 187 (43.9%) cases of acute generalized peritonitis, 71 (16.7%) cases of acute intestinal occlusions, 49 (11.5%) cases of acute appendicitis, 38 (9.4%) cases of strangulated parietal hernias, 16 (3.8%) cases of abdominal contusions, and 15 (3.5%) cases of penetrating wounds of the abdomen. The appendectomy was the most performed gesture with 112 (26.3%) cases. The time to surgery was greater than 48 hours in 29 (6.8%) cases. Complications were observed in 68 (16%) cases with 35 (8.2%) cases of parietal infections, 18 (4.2%) cases of postoperative peritonitis. The death occurred in 37 (8.7%) patients. The average hospital stay was 8.7 days. Improving the prognosis of acute surgical abdomens requires early diagnosis and treatment, as well as better postoperative follow-up.
Highlights
The aim of our study was to describe the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of acute surgical abdomens operated in the surgical emergency department of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Souro Sanou (CHUSS)
This was a retrospective descriptive study of 426 cases of surgical acute abdomens operated in the CHUSS surgical emergency department from 1 January to 31 December 2015
Henri Mondor defines surgical acute abdomens as being abdominal affections which, for the most part, due to a lack of surgical intervention obtained without delay, cause the patients to succumb in a few hours or a few days [1]
Summary
Henri Mondor defines surgical acute abdomens as being abdominal affections which, for the most part, due to a lack of surgical intervention obtained without delay, cause the patients to succumb in a few hours or a few days [1]. In the CHUSS, 82.3% of the interventions in general and digestive surgery are carried out in emergency. The majority of these interventions are performed for an acute surgical abdomen as in several other Sub-Saharan African countries. In Niger, Harouna found that acute surgical abdomens accounted for 62% of emergency interventions [2]. These emergencies are characterized by an important delay on consultation and surgical management.
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