Epidemiological determinants associated with depression among adult hypertensives in an urban field practice area: a cross sectional study

Abstract

Background: Non-communicable diseases cause, more than 50% of deaths and cardiovascular diseases emerged as the most important cause of it. Hypertension affects about 1 billion people worldwide and it is estimated that by 2025, up to 1.58 billion adults while the comorbidity of depression, anxiety, and cardiovascular diseases is an important public health concern representing 31% of all deaths. Objectives were to study prevalence of depression among adult hypertensive study subjects and to assess the epidemiological determinants associated with depression among adult hypertensives. Methods: A single centre, cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 350 hypertensive adult of urban field practice area of teaching medical institute with 10 months period from May 2019 to March 2020. A semi-structured, pre-tested questionnaire was used for data collection and 21 items self-reporting Becks Depression Inventory scale (BDI) was used for assessment of depression. The BDI score <10 denotes normal or no depression & the score >10 denotes depression. The data was analyzed using IBM SPSS software 16 trial version. The Chi-square test was used for test of significance. Results: Out of total of 350 study subjects, males were 100 and females were 250. Out of them, 151 had depression. The overall proportion of depression among study subjects was found to be 43.14%. Conclusions: In present study, proportion of depression among hypertensives was found to be high i.e. 43.14%. Lower socio-economic status, altered sleep pattern, addiction history, history of loneliness, low educational status more likely to have co-morbid depression.