Epidemiological-Clinical Aspects of Bacterial Urinary Tract Infections in Children from 2 to 15 Years at the Nianankoro Fomba Hospital in Ségou

Abstract

Introduction: Bacterial urinary tract infection is the microbial invasion of symptomatic urine and inflammation of the structures of the urinary tree. The aim of our work was to study the epidemiological and clinical aspects of bacterial urinary tract infections in children aged 2 to 15 years at the Nianankoro Fomba Hospital in Ségou. Material and Method: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study of bacterial urinary tract infections in 2 to 15 year olds at Nianankoro Fomba Hospital in Ségou from September 2018 to August 2019. Results: During our study period on 2111 children between 2 and 15 years old admitted to the ward, we collected 71 cases of bacterial urinary tract infections, a hospital frequency of 3.36%. There was a male predominance with a sex ratio of 2.33. The age group of 2 to 5 years predominated with 52.11%. Urine strips were used in all patients with a positivity rate of 98.4%. On cytobacteriological examination of urine there was leukocyturia in 86% and hematuria in 85.6% of cases, at culture there was a predominance of Escherichia coli in 54.7%. The most common diagnosis was pyelonephritis with 53.5%, the most frequently used antibiotics were amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid in 50.70%. The cure rate was 97.05% of cases; however two patients or 2.65% had acute complications to kidney abscess type. Conclusion: Bacterial urinary tract infection is a common pathology in pediatrics. Our study made it possible to approach this pathology in a global way, which mainly affects infants and young children in whom diagnosis remains difficult given the non-specificity of clinical signs. The cure is almost total however complications can occur requiring multidisciplinary management.