Abstract
The present study aims to determine the epidemiological, clinical and laboratorial profile of the dermatopathies that affect dogs and cats living in a semi-arid area in the Northeast of Brazil. Seventy-eight dogs and cats consulted at the Veterinary Hospital with dermatological complaints were included in this study. Skin lesions were characterized with respect to morphology, appearance, and distribution, an epidemiological questionnaire was applied, and samples were collected for complementary examination. The diagnosis was confirmed by parasitological and microbiological tests. There was a predominance of the canine species (93.6%), of young animals (46.3%), and of animals of undefined breeds (61.5%). It was observed that 29.5% of the affections were of fungal aetiology, 14.1% were bacterial, 3.9% were scabies. In 5.1% of the cases there were associations between different pathogens, and in 47.4% the laboratory examination was negative for the pathogens investigated. The most frequent clinical manifestations included alopecia (74.4%), pruritus (61.6%) and erythema (43.6%), distributed mainly in the dorsal-ventral region (36.1%) or even disseminated (43.1%). With respect to One Health, 51.3% (40/78) of the owners reported that they did not know what "zoonoses" were. Dermatopathies have been shown to be important disorders, especially the mycotic and bacterial diseases. Atypical cases of infections motivated by pathogens little described in the literature as etiologic agents of dermatopathies in dogs and cats were observed.
Highlights
There are indications that 20 to 70% of veterinary consultations are directly related to skin diseases, and the easy visibility of these conditions can drive the owners to seek veterinary care (Gasparetto et al, 2013)
61.5% (48/78) of the animals included in this study presented themselves as without a defined breed (WDB) and among the animals with defined breeds, it was observed that 23.3% (7/30) belonged to the Shih-tzu breed, 16.7% (5/30) to the Pinscher breed, 13.3% (4/30) to the Boxer breed, 10% (3/30) to the Pit Bull breed, 10% (3/30) to the Poodle breed, 6.7% (2/30) Dachshund breed. 0% (3/30) to the Poodle breed, 6.7% (2/30) to the Dachshund breed
Clinical-epidemiological data about skin disorders in dogs and cats vary according to the geographic area (Gasparetto et al, 2013; Cardoso, 2011), which demonstrates the indispensable occurrence of studies of this veterinary specialty in different locations, basing the relevance of this study, which is pioneering in the Western Bahia region
Summary
There are indications that 20 to 70% of veterinary consultations are directly related to skin diseases, and the easy visibility of these conditions can drive the owners to seek veterinary care (Gasparetto et al, 2013). Dermatological diseases appear to have a high impact on the quality of life of affected animals and their owners (Madureira; Blum, 2017), besides the importance in public health due to the possibility of transmission of zoonotic and antimicrobial resistant pathogens, especially in the case of bacteria (Somayaji et al, 2016; Andrade; Rossi, 2019; Lagowski et al, 2019). The most commonly identified mites are Demodex canis and Sarcoptes scabiei, causing demodectic mange and sarcoptic mange, respectively (Franco-Amorim et al, 2017). This variable aetiology motivates distinct clinical manifestations that can present themselves in a localized or disseminated manner, with a changeable aspect, a fact that is possibly associated with the possibility of pathogen co-infection (Matos et al, 2012)
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