Epidemiological, Clinical and Etiological Aspects of Ascites in the Medicine Department at the Departmental University Hospital of Borgou

A C Dovonou,C A Attinsounon,J Degla,K Saké,A C Alassani,G Adè,S Adè,Tognon F Tchégnonsi,D M Zannou,S Ahoui,F Houngbé

doi:10.4236/ojim.2017.73006

Abstract

Goals: The study has been initiated in order to describe the epidemiological, clinical and etiological aspect of the ascites. Patients and methods: This was a retrospective and descriptive study on the patients with an ascite and followed at the medicine department of Borgou departmental teaching hospital. Results: A total of 190 patients have presented an ascite or a hospital prevalence at 3.93%. A male predominance has been observed with a sex-ratio at 1.7. The average age was 39.7 ± 13.9 years. The reason for consultation is dominated by the increase of the abdominal volume (69.5%). The ascite fluid is macroscopically yellow citrine. The cirrhosis (28.5%) and the heart diseases (18.6%) were the most encountered causes of the ascites. Conclusion: The etiologies of ascites are various and dominated by the hepatic cirrhosis and the heart diseases.

Highlights

The ascite which is the effusion of fluid in the peritoneal cavity is a sign frequently encountered in the medical practice and is related to various causes [1]
The others etiologies are related to heart diseases, to kidney pathologies or to the peritoneal tuberculosis [6] [7]
The reason for consultation of the patients having an ascite is dominated by the abdominal volume increase (69.5%) followed by œdema of the lower limbs (31.1%) (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

The ascite which is the effusion of fluid in the peritoneal cavity is a sign frequently encountered in the medical practice and is related to various causes [1]. It stems from many mechanisms notably portal hypertension, the peritoneum inflammatory, the increase of the hydrostatic pression and the decrease of the oncotic pression [2] [3]. The prognosis is variable and depends on the incriminated pathology; it is serious when it’s the hepatopathies with a mortality which can exceed 50% [8] within the two years but may have a favourable prognosis for the others causes notably cardiac or renal ones when the diagnosis and the treatment are early. This study has been initiated to describe the epidemiological, clinical and etiological aspect of the ascites

Patients and Method

Results

Discussion

Conclusion