Epidemiological, Clinical and Diagnostic Studies on Blood Parasites in Cattle and Buffaloes in ElBehera Provence

Abstract

The present work was carried out to determine epidemiological, clinical and diagnostic state of bovine piroplasmosis. 148 suspected diseased animals in different locations in El Behera Provence including 123 cattle and 25 buffaloes were examined clinically and microscopically in addition to tick examination. Boophilus microplus tick was the main vector in transmission of Babesia species. But in this study found that T.annulata may be transmitted by Boophilus tick and observed decrease in Hyalomma anatolicum which consider the proven vector of T. annulata in cattle. The age susceptibility of piroplasmosis showed 4 calves aged below one week, free from tick and infected with Theileriosis clinically and confirmed by PCR ,this indicate intrauterine or cloistral transmission of Theileriosis. The variation of the clinical finding of piroplasmosis depends upon tick population, degree of virulence of the parasite, native breed or foreign breed, age of animal, previously infected or not and the immune status of the animal. For diagnosis of piroplasmosis in blood, lymph and tick we depend on microscopic examination of Giemsa stained (blood, lymph and hemolymph) smear and PCR technique. Selected 30 samples from blood and tick were examined by PCR for detection of piroplasmosis. PCR is much more sensitive than ME either in clinically infected or apparently healthy animals (carriers).