Epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Beijing, 2021

Abstract

Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases reported in Beijing in 2021 under the influence of the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic prevention and control policy, and provide reference evidence for the prevention and control of notifiable infectious diseases. Methods: Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the morbidity of notifiable infectious diseases reported in Beijing in 2021, with software R 4.1.2 for data process and ArcGIS 10.8 for visualization. Results: The morbidity of notifiable infectious diseases in Beijing in 2021 was 290.51/100 000, a decrease of 43.29% compared with 2020 and a decrease of 71.45% compared with the average during 2017-2019. The top 5 reported diseases with high morbidity were other infectious diarrhea, influenza, hand foot and mouth disease, pulmonary tuberculosis and syphilis. From the perspective of transmission route, intestinal infectious diseases were the main diseases, accounting for 50.15% (31 898/63 601) of the total cases. From the perspective of pathogens, viral infectious diseases were the main diseases, accounting for 59.63% (25 259/42 356) of the total cases. The laboratory diagnosis rate of notifiable infectious diseases reported in Beijing increased from the average of 16.47% (36 289/220 371) during 2017-2019 to 35.36% (22 490/63 601) in 2021. The laboratory diagnosis rate of parasitic infectious diseases was 83.33%. The districts with high incidence of intestinal infectious diseases were Pinggu, Miyun and Fengtai; Natural foci and insect borne infectious diseases were mainly reported in Yanqing, Mentougou, Fangshan and Daxing. Conclusion: The morbidity of notifiable infectious diseases in Beijing in 2021 showed a decrease trend. The laboratory confirmation rate of reported notifiable infectious disease cases increased, and there were great differences in the laboratory confirmation rate among different diseases. It is very necessary to improve the laboratory confirmation rate of the cases. The diseases with different transmission routes showed different geographical distributions. It is necessary to conduct the targeted prevention and control of infectious diseases in different areas.