Epidemiological assessment of levodopa use in Cuba: 1993–1998

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to describe and evaluate the use of levodopa in Cuba in order to provide a basis for intervention aimed at improving pharmacological treatment of individuals presenting with Parkinson's disease (PD). We studied the amount of levodopa, both plain and combined, distributed by the central laboratory to hospital and community pharmacies in Cuba in the period 1993-1998. An internationally established drug-classification system and a reported method for epidemiological assessment of levodopa sales were applied. Sweden in 1994 served as the reference population. National crude rates of levodopa use basically remained stable since 1994, and in 1998 stood at 0.11 defined daily dose (DDD) per 1000 inhabitants/day, approximately 15 times lower than the corresponding figure for the reference population. Annual provincial use of levodopa showed considerable geographical variation, with the lowest rates in the eastern provinces and the highest rates in Havana City (Ciudad de La Habana). Adjustment for age reduced such differences by approximately 50%. Levodopa use in Cuba is low and consistent with the reported low prevalence of the diagnosis of PD. Results suggest that the diagnosis and treatment of PD can be improved, with emphasis on better detection of PD.