Abstract
Cancer is a major health problem facing the entire world, and Kazakhstan is not the exception. The aim of this study was to present an epidemiological assessment of leukemia in the population of Kazakhstan during 2003-2012. This descriptive and retrospective study was based on data obtained from all oncological organizations of the whole country. Age standardized incidence rates per 100,000 population for leukemia were calculated. Totally, 6,741 new cases of leukemia were registered in Kazakhstan during the 10 year period. The mean age of patients with leukemia was 48.5. The ASRs for leukemia among men and women were 5.3 and 3.6, respectively (p<0.001). In conclusion, our results showed a high incidence rate of leukemia in Kazakhstan, especially in the north of the country. The incidence of leukemia was significantly higher in males and increased with age. Determining and controlling important risk factors of leukemia may lead to decrease in its burden.
Highlights
Epidemiology as a science plays an important role in prevention of diseases
The aim of this study was to present an epidemiological assessment of leukemia in the population of Kazakhstan during 2003-2012
Our study showed that incidence rate of leukemia was higher in males than females
Summary
Interpretation of the findings of epidemiologic studies, identifying populations at increased risk, ascertaining the cause of their risk, and analyzing the ways of eliminating or reducing exposure to the causal factors all require an understanding of basic epidemiologic concepts (Gordis, 2008; Modak et al, 2011). Today cancer is an eminent health problem (Xie et al, 2012), which is responsible for a leading cause of death in developed countries and a second leading cause of death in developing countries (Jemal et al, 2011; Siegel et al, 2012). According to Globocan 2008, the age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) of all cancers were 202.8 in men and 164.4 in women per 100,000 population. In Kazakhstan, malignancies have remarkable incidence (www.stat.kz - the Republic of Kazakhstan Statistic Agency)
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